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. 2018 Sep 7;10(9):1262. doi: 10.3390/nu10091262

Table 1.

Summary of the percent (%) LDL-cholesterol lowering effect of plant sterols and stanols (PSS) as described in meta-analyses.

Meta-Analysis PSS Intake (Mean Dose or Dose Range) (g/day) Number of Studies/Strata Included Relative Reduction in LDL-C in %
Plus 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in Brackets ()
Katan et al., 2003 [3] 0.7–1.1 8 −6.7 (−4.9; −8.6)
1.5–1.9 13 −8.5 (−7.0; −10.1)
2.0–2.4 14 −8.9 (−7.4; −10.5)
≥2.5 21 −11.3 (−10.2; −12.3)
Demonty et al., 2009 [5] 2.15 * 141 −8.8 (−8.3; −9.4)
Musa-Veloso et al., 2011 [6] 2.63 (stanols) * 60 −10.3
1.78 (sterols) * 120 −7.7
Ras et al., 2014 [7] dose <1.0 24 −5.7 (−4.4; −7.1)
≥1.0 dose <1.5 13 −6.4 (−4.6; −8.2)
≥1.5 dose <2.0 55 −7.6 (−6.8; −8.4)
≥2.0 dose <2.5 60 −8.4 (−7.6; −9.2)
≥2.5 dose <3.0 17 −10.3 (−8.9; −13.6)
≥3.0 dose <4.0 27 −12.4 (−11.2; −13.6)

* Refers to the mean daily intake based on all included studies/strata. PSS: plant sterols and stanols.