Table 4.
LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering effect of plant sterol (PSter) intake separated for men and women based on previously published intervention studies.
| Study | PSter Intake (g/day) | Study Duration in Weeks | Study Population | Relative Reduction in LDL-C in % Plus 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in Brackets () as Compared to Control | Gender by Treatment Interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Men | Women | |||||
| Trautwein et al., 2018 [12] | 2 | 6 | Individuals at risk of and with established T2DM |
n = 138 −4.6 (−1.2; −8.0) * |
n = 79 −5.8 (−1.4; −10.1) * |
n = 59 −3.0 (+2.3; −8.1) |
p = 0.414 |
| Ras et al., 2015 [63] | 3 | 4 8 12 |
Hyper-cholesterolemic healthy individuals |
n = 220 −7.6 (−4.0; −11.0 * −8.2 (−4.9; −11.3) * −6.7 (−2.6; −10.5) * |
n = 134 −6.8 (−2.2; −11.2) * −9.0 (−4.7; −13.0) * −6.9 (−1.7; −11.8) * |
n = 86 −8.8 (−3.1; −14.3) * −6.9 (−1.5; −12.0) * −6.4 (+0.1; −12.5) |
p = 0.582 p = 0.546 p = 0.901 |
| Hendriks, et al., 2003 [64] | 1.6 | 13 26 39 52 |
Healthy individuals |
n = 185 −3.6 (+0.3; −7.3) −5.3 (−1.5; −8.9) * −6.0 (−2.3; −9.6) * −5.5 (−1.5; −9.4) * |
n = 90 −4.3 (+1.2; −9.6) −5.7 (−0.4; −10.8) * −7.1 (−1.9; −12.1) * −6.7 (−1.0; −12.1) * |
n = 95 −2.8 (+2.8; −8.1) −5.0 (+0.5; −10.1) −5.0 (+0.3; −10.1) −4.4 (+1.4; −9.9) |
p = 0.694 p = 0.841 p = 0.575 p = 0.570 |
* Statistically significant compared to placebo, p < 0.05.