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Mechanisms of action of emerging drugs for NAFLD. (FFA: free fatty acid; FGF19: fibroblast growth factor 19; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TGF: transforming growth factor; IL: interleukin; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; ACC: acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase; CCL: C-C chemokine ligand; CCR: C-C chemokine receptor; TLR: toll-like receptor; LOXL: lysl oxidase-like; ASK: apoptosis signal-regulating kinase; FXR: farnesoid X receptor).
