Figure 2.

Morphology of MC3T3-E1 cells inside the flow perfusion culture system using gelatin substrates under static conditions (A), and under flow conditions applying 30 (B,C), and 50 μL/min (D,E) visualized by optical microscopy (ten-fold magnification, the scale bars represent 50 μm). The black arrows represent the direction of the flow. Directionality histograms and tables with the statistics generated by means of the Fiji ImageJ plug-in “Directionality” [25] are presented directly under the optical microscopy images (A–E).