| PEO | Plasma electrolytic oxidation |
| MAO | Micro arc oxidation |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| EDS | Energy dispersive spectroscopy |
| GDOES | Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy |
| XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| XRD | X-ray powder diffraction |
| Mean | |
| σ | Standard deviation |
| Q1 | First quartile |
| Q2 | Second quartile (median) |
| Q3 | Third quartile |
| M | Metal (here M = Ca + Mg + Zn or M = Ca+ Mg + Cu) |
| BE | Binding energy |
| f | Frequency |
| DC | Direct current |
| AC | Alternating current |
| n.u. | no unit |
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