Figure 4.

Phenotypes of transgenic Arabidopsis and wild type (WT) seedlings under low temperature stress. (A) Semi-quantitative PCR analyses of PsCor413pm2 expression in WT and three transgenic Arabidopsis lines (#10, #16, and #21) overexpressing PsCor413pm2. (B,C) Comparison of germination rates in the WT and three transgenic lines on 1/2 strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium under normal (22 °C) and cold (4 °C) stress. Maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of transgenic Arabidopsis and WT leaves under cold stress. F₀ and Fv/Fm images (D) and their quantification analysis (E) of leaves of WT and transgenic lines (#10 and #16) under normal (22 °C) and cold (4 °C, 48 h) stress. The pseudocolored bar depicted at the bottom of the panel ranges from 0 (black) to 1.0 (purple). Asterisks indicate significant differences between WT and transgenic lines (** p < 0.01; Student’s t test). Error bars show standard error (SE) of the values from three replicates. Scale bars = 1 cm.