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. 2018 Aug 29;19(9):2563. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092563

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of the antioxidants on AMPK phosphorylation after OA treatment. Cellular steatosis decreases AMPK phosphorylation (A), and the result is represented by the ratio of p-AMPK/AMPK (B). Data are represented as mean ± SD values (n = 3). Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference compared with the control (p < 0.05). Sharp (#) indicates a significant difference among the experimental groups (p < 0.05). Dagger (†) indicates a significant difference compared with each other among the antioxidants, VC, NAC, and ATX, suing one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05).