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. 2018 Aug 29;19(9):2563. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092563

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of the antioxidants on the gene expressions of transcription factors and metabolic enzymes related to hepatic lipogenesis. As key transcription factors that regulate hepatic lipogenesis and FA oxidation, gene expressions in PPAR-γ and SREBP-1 were investigated using real-time PCR (A). ACC-α, FAS, and SCD1, as critical enzymes promoting the biochemical conversion of glucose into FA and TG, were also investigated by gene expressions (B). Data are represented as mean ± SD values (n = 6). Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference compared with the control (p < 0.05). Sharp (#) indicates a significant difference among the experimental groups (p < 0.05). Dagger (†) indicates a significant difference compared with the each other among the antioxidants, VC, NAC, and ATX, using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05).