Table 1.
Characteristics of included and excluded participants.
| Patient Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Included (n = 461) | Excluded (n = 25) | ||
| Mean (95% CI)/Count (%) | Mean (95% CI)/Count (%) | ||
| General Health Characteristics | |||
| Mother Age (years, self-reported) | 24.8 (24.2–25.3) | - | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 (22.9–23.5) | 22.3 (21.1–23.4) | |
| CRP (mg/L) | 33.5 (31.0–36.0) | 41.9 (25.2–58.6) | |
| CRP above 40 mg/L | 138 (30%) | 8 (32%) | |
| Haemoglobin Levels (g/L) | 105 (103–106) | 106 (98–114) | |
| HIV test | Negative | 411 (89%) | 18 (72%) |
| Positive | 48 (10%) | 7 (28%) | |
| Not Tested | 2 (1%) | 0 | |
| Malaria test | Negative | 452 (98%) | 25 (100%) |
| Positive | 8 (1.7%) | 0 | |
| Not Tested | 1 (0.3%) | 0 | |
| Oral Health Characteristics | |||
| Tooth Cleaning (self-reported) | No daily basis cleaning | 0 | 0 |
| Once a day | 28 (6%) | 2 (8%) | |
| Twice a day | 433 (94%) | 23 (92%) | |
| Tooth Cleaning Method (self-reported) | Finger | 16 (3%) | 2 (8%) |
| Toothbrush | 445 (97%) | 23 (92%) | |
| aMMP-8 Test Results | Negative | 189 (41%) | 5 (20%) |
| Weak positive | 192 (42%) | 15 (60%) | |
| Strong positive | 80 (17%) | 5 (20%) | |
| Proportion of mothers with ABL (case) * | 116 (25%) | 8 (32%) | |
| Proportion of mothers with caries | 255 (55%) | 19 (76%) | |
| Proportion of mothers with PAL | 127 (28%) | 11 (44%) | |
| Proportion of mothers with missing teeth | 112 (24%) | 11 (44%) | |
Body mass index (BMI); C-reactive protein (CRP); alveolar bone loss (ABL); periapical lesions (PAL); human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). * The case definition was based on radiological marginal bone loss detection and the case definition of Eke et al. [27] was modified to fit with radiological data.