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Insect proPO activating system is strongly elicited by the presence of PAMPs, prophenoloxidase zymogen, after PRRs-PAMPs interaction, is activated by serine proteases cascades; physiological negative control (serpins) provide the downregulation of the enzyme activity to turn-off the system when not required. The system is responsible of humoral melanization (melanin encapsulation) of foreign targets.
