Figure 14.

(Left) inhibitory effects induced by isolated S. feltiae cuticles (cut) compared to the basal PO activity (C). The damage of cuticle lipids by lipase treatments (cut_Lp) or methanol-chloroform extractions (cut_MC) resulted in a marked activation of the host proPO-AS. The upper box shows the lack of melanin synthesis in the insect hemolymph due to the presence of isolated cuticles (cut), melanin was evident when the hemolymph was incubated with treated cuticles (cut_Lp and cut_MC). (Right) co-incubation of untreated and lipase-treated cuticles with G. mellonella hemocytes; untreated cuticles are not recognized and encapsulated; instead, when they were treated with lipases, migration of hemocytes and encapsulation were observed. Inset: TEM micrograph of the S. feltiae cuticle/epicuticle in peripheral region of body. Black bars = 100 μm; white bar = 500 nm, (from [146]).