Table 2.
Items of the PREDIMED score for adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of Small for Gestational Age (SGA).
| Predimed Item | Cases (n = 518) n (%) |
Controls (n = 518) n (%) |
cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olive oil used as the main fat for cooking | 502 (96.9) | 508 (98.1) | 0.60 (0.26–1.37) | 0.73 (0.30–1.74) |
| Olive oil: 4+ tablespoons a day | 68 (13.3) | 57 (11.0) | 1.22 (0.84–1.77) | 1.12 (0.75–1.68) |
| Vegetables: 2+ servings a day | 279 (53.9) | 275 (53.1) | 1.03 (0.81–1.81) | 1.05 (0.81–1.36) |
| Fruit: 3+ servings a day | 78 (15.1) | 95 (18.3) | 0.79 (0.57–1.10) | 0.86 (0.61–1.22) |
| Red meat/sausages: <1 a day | 103 (19.9) | 116 (22.4) | 0.85 (0.63–1.16) | 0.90 (0.65–1.27) |
| Butter/margarine/cream: <1 serving a day | 429 (82.8) | 444 (85.7) | 0.81 (0.58–1.13) | 0.88 (0.61–1.27) |
| Soft drinks (sweet, carbonated): <1 a day | 247 (47.7) | 262 (50.6) | 0.88 (0.69–1.14) | 0.92 (0.70–1.21) |
| Legumes: 3+ servings a week | 264 (51.0) | 281 (54.3) | 0.88 (0.69–1.12) | 0.80 (0.61–1.04) |
| Fish: 3+ servings a week | 409 (79.0) | 434 (83.8) | 0.72 (0.52–0.99) * | 0.75 (0.53–1.07) |
| Cakes and pastries (not done at home): <2 units a week | 141 (27.2) | 170 (32.8) | 0.78 (0.60–1.01) | 0.88 (0.65–1.19) |
| Nuts: 3+ servings a week | 123 (23.8) | 108 (20.9) | 1.20 (0.82–1.62) | 1.16 (0.83–1.61) |
| White meat more frequently than red meat | 16 (3.1) | 17 (3.3) | 0.94 (0.46–1.90) | 1.01 (0.47–2.21) |
aOR: Adjusted odds ratio by income, smoking, weight gain per week during pregnancy, previous preterm/low birthweight newborn, energy intake, and pre- pregnancy BMI. cOR: Crude odds ratio and confidence intervals (95% CI). * Significant association.