. 2018 Jun 21;6(3):56. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms6030056

Table 1.

µ-dependent product formation kinetics in continuous cultures. Abbreviations used: IFN: interferon; scFv: Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody; GM-CSF: granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor; VHH: variable domain of heavy chain antibody.

Organism	Promoter	Target Protein	µ-Range (h⁻¹)	Optimal µ (q_p,max) (h⁻¹)	q_p,max (mg g⁻¹ h⁻¹) or (U mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	Kinetics	Ref
E. coli	Pbla	β-lactamase	0.23–0.64	0.44	3.6 (U mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	bell shaped	[34]
E. coli	P_L/cI ₈₅₇	Lymphokine	0.027–0.25	0.17	6.5	bell shaped	[35]
E. coli	Pbla	β-lactamase	0.14–1	0.49	11 (U mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	bell shaped	[36]
E. coli	Plac	Cyanase	0.05–0.93	0.15	8 (U mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	bell shaped	[37]
E. coli	T7	IFN-α	0.1–0.5	0.37	170	growth coupled	[32]
E. coli	T7	IFN-γ	0.1–0.3	0.3	75.00	growth coupled	[33]
E. coli	CP7	β-glucanase	0.1–0.5	0.15	14 (U mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	bell shaped	[57]
P. pastoris	AOX	scFv	0.009–0.05	0.02	0.12	bell shaped	[40]
P. pastoris ^a	AOX	scFv	0.007–0.05	0.04	0.004	linear	[40]
P. pastoris	AOX	Trypsinogen	0.03–0.2	0.07	0.69	bell shaped	[39]
P. pastoris	AOX	Chymotrypsinogen B	0.038–0.078	0.078	0.38	growth coupled	[42]
P. pastoris	AOX	Antifreeze protein	0.01–0.09	0.09	0.065	growth coupled	[43]
P. pastoris	AOX	Avidin	0.03–0.12	0.12	0.027	growth coupled	[41]
P. pastoris	GAP	Serum Albumin	0.015–0.15	0.15	0.174	growth coupled	[27]
P. pastoris	GAP	Fab	0.02–0.19	0.19	0.049	growth coupled	[47]
P. pastoris	GAP	Fab	0.02–0.19	0.19	0.047	growth coupled	[48]
P. pastoris	GAP	Fab	0.025–0.15	0.15	0.047	growth coupled	[58]
P. pastoris	GAP	GM-CSF	0.02–0.2	0.2	0.5	growth coupled	[49]
P. pastoris	THI11	Serum albumin	0.05–0.15	0.15	0.18	growth coupled	[50]
H. polymorpha	MOX	α-galactosidase	0.05–0.2	0.08 and 0.18	5.5	2 optima	[45]
S. cerevisiae	GAL7	α-galactosidase	0.05–0.225	0.17	4.5	bell shaped	[45]
S. cerevisiae	GAL7	VHH	0.033–0.172	0.172	3.87	growth coupled	[44]
S. cerevisiae ^b	GAL7	VHH	0.033–0.147	0.09	1.7	bell shaped	[44]
S. cerevisiae	GAL7	Cutinase	0.05–0.1	0.07	8	bell shaped	[46]
S. cerevisiae	TPI1	α-amylase	0.5–0.2	0.2	55 (µmoL mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	growth coupled	[51]
S. cerevisiae	TPI1	Insulin precursor	0.5–0.2	0.2	12 (µmoL mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	growth coupled	[51]
K. lactis	PGK	Serum albumin	0.05–0.19	0.19	0.8	growth coupled	[52]
K. lactis ^c	PGK	Serum albumin	0.05–0.12	0.12	0.225	growth coupled	[52]
A. niger	PglaA ^d	Glycoamylase	0.06–0.14	0.14	12	growth coupled	[53]
A. niger	PglaA	Glycoamylase	0.05–0.13	0.1	7	growth coupled	[54]
A. niger	PglaA ^d	Glucoamylase	0.05–0.26	0.23	15	growth coupled	[55]
A. niger	Native ^e	Acid phosphatases	0.04–0.13	0.13	7.5 (kU mg⁻¹ h⁻¹)	growth coupled	[56]

^a Constant limited dissolved oxygen at 10%; ^b Nitrogen limited cultures; ^c High cell density culture with 60 g L⁻¹ glucose; ^d 20 copies of glaA gene with its native chromosomal promoter; ^e Several acid phosphatases expressed from their native promoters.