Table 1.
Effects of different diets on short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration (µM/g) and pH in the digesta and faeces from rats six weeks after the second injection with the carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) (2 × 15 mg/kg) (n = 12).
| Type | Cellulose Only (Control Diet) | Pectin | Cellulose + EGCG | Pectin + EGCG | Cincau Extract | Cincau Leaves |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digesta | ||||||
| Total SCFA | 45.9 ± 8.4 ab | 107.3 ± 12.2 c | 69.1 ± 5.3 b | 65.8 ± 7.1 b | 44.9 ± 5.2 a | 64.5 ± 10.5 ab |
| Acetate | 18.2 ± 3.2 a | 40.0 ± 3.8 c | 28.2 ± 2.1 b | 26.2 ± 2.8 ab | 19.1 ± 2.0 ab | 28.3 ± 5.3 b |
| Propionate | 5.0 ± 1.0 ab | 16.0 ± 1.9 d | 7.8 ± 0.8 bc | 9.2 ± 1.0 c | 4.0 ± 0.5 a | 5.7 ± 1.1 ab |
| Butyrate | 4.2 ± 0.9 a | 9.8 ± 1.4 c | 7.5 ± 0.7 bc | 6.9 ± 1.7 abc | 5.0 ± 0.8 ab | 6.5 ± 1.0 abc |
| pH | 6.9 ± 0.06 a | 6.7 ± 0.08 b | 6.7 ± 0.05 b | 6.7 ± 0.07 b | 6.7 ± 0.05 b | 6.7 ± 0.05 b |
| Faeces | ||||||
| Total SCFA | 14.8 ± 2.0 a | 44.4 ± 8.3 cd | 17.5 ± 2.4 ab | 51.9 ± 9.0 d | 30.8 ± 3.9 bc | 33.7 ± 4.2 c |
| Acetate | 5.8 ± 0.6 a | 14.5 ± 3.0 c | 7.2 ± 0.9 ab | 14.5 ± 2.2 c | 12.6 ± 1.1 bc | 13.7 ± 1.2 c |
| Propionate | 1.4 ± 0.2 a | 8.0 ± 1.3 b | 1.9 ± 0.3 a | 7.3 ± 1.0 b | 2.3 ± 0.2 a | 2.8 ± 0.3a |
| Butyrate | 1.6 ± 0.2 a | 4.7 ± 0.5 b | 2.4 ± 0.3 a | 6.3 ± 1.0 b | 4.6 ± 0.5 b | 4.8 ± 0.5 b |
| pH | 6.7 ± 0.06a | 6.4 ± 0.05c | 6.4 ± 0.04c | 6.5 ± 0.05bc | 6.6 ± 0.05 b | 6.4 ± 0.05c |
Values are expressed as mean ± SE. Means in the same row with a different superscript are significantly different when the LSD method was applied for post-hoc analysis (p ≤ 0.05). EGCG, 0.1% epigallocatechin-3-gallate.