Table 8.
Analytes | Placebo Group | Tocovid Group | Mean Difference | p-Value † |
---|---|---|---|---|
HbA1c (%) | 8.61 ± 0.17 | 8.45 ± 0.17 | −0.16 ± 0.24 | 0.518 |
SBP (mmHg) | 137.09 ± 2.81 | 130.48 ± 2.88 | −6.62 ± 4.03 | 0.108 |
DBP (mmHg) | 77.61 ± 1.78 | 77.91 ± 1.82 | 0.297 ± 2.57 | 0.909 |
Weight (kg) | 78.22 ± 0.84 | 79.47 ± 0.86 | 1.24 ± 1.20 | 0.308 |
Renal parameters: | ||||
UACR (mg/mmol) | 66.93 ± 8.93 | 85.43 ± 9.14 | 18.45 ± 12.97 | 0.161 |
Sr Creatinine (μmol/L) | 131.04 ± 2.92 | 119.76 ± 2.92 | −11.28 ± 4.31 | * 0.014 ‡ |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²) | 74.89 ± 11.51 | 63.57 ± 11.77 | −11.31 ± 16.51 | 0.497 |
Serum biomarkers: | ||||
AGE (µg/mL) | 83.66 ± 27.20 | 89.82 ± 27.20 | 6.16 ± 38.50 | 0.874 |
sRAGE (pg/mL) | 1088.32 ± 111.65 | 1246.36 ± 114.16 | 158.05 ± 159.77 | 0.328 |
Nε-CML (ng/mL) | 2.56 ± 0.48 | 2.59 ± 0.49 | 0.28 ± 0.69 | 0.967 |
Cystatin C (ng/mL) | 2172.45 ± 181.56 | 2031.99 ± 185.64 | −140.46 ± 259.66 | 0.591 |
Safety tests: | ||||
Urea (mmol/L) | 7.33 ± 0.37 | 7.26 ± 0.38 | −0.07 ± 0.54 | 0.896 |
Total chol (mmol/L) | 4.52 ± 0.12 | 4.67 ± 0.12 | 0.15 ± 0.17 | 0.384 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.17 ± 0.03 | 1.18 ± 0.03 | 0.01 ± 0.04 | 0.772 |
AST (IU/L) | 21.21 ± 0.91 | 19.41 ± 0.93 | −1.80 ± 1.35 | 0.190 |
ALT (IU/L) | 26.45 ± 1.67 | 22.17 ± 1.71 | −4.28 ± 2.46 | 0.089 |
All values are presented as means ± standard errors of the mean. † Data adjusted for baseline values and age. ‡ Data adjusted for baseline value, age, weight, HbA1c, SBP, DBP, age, weight, AGE, CML, sRAGE, and Cystatin C. * Significant at p < 0.05. HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c, SBP: Systolic blood pressure, DBP: Diastolic blood pressure, BMI: Body mass index, DM: Diabetes mellitus, UACR: Urine albumin to creatinine ratio, eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, AGE: Advanced Glycation Endproduct, sRAGE: soluble Receptor for AGE, Nε-CML: Nε-Carboxymethyllysine, Total chol: Total cholesterol, HDL: High density lipoprotein, AST: Aspartate Aminotransferase, ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.