Table 6.
Results of studies measuring adherence.
| Study Author, Year | Country | Age Range | Disability Domain | Relevant Measures of Access | Measure Among People with Disabilities | Measure Among Controls | Measure of association | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hannass-Hancock et al. (2015) [45] | South Africa | 18–88 years | Functional difficulties | Non-adherence to HIV treatment | - | - | Relative risk ratios (RR) Global limitation 1.1 (1.05–1.14) Mobility 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) Life activity 0.7 (0.4, 1.2); NS Cognition 1.1 (0.8, 1.5); NS Participation 1.2 (0.9, 1.5); NS Self-care 0.7 (0.3, 1.4); NS Activity limitations OR = 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) |
− |
| Mollaoglu et al. (2015) [56] | Turkey | >18 years | Functional difficulties | Diet non adherence (mean (SD)) Fluid non adherence (mean (SD)) |
Severe level 3.22 (0.66) Severe level 3.88 (1.05) |
2.46 (0.75) 3.28 (0.45) |
p < 0.001 (comparing scores between no, mild, moderate, severe disability) OR = 3.6 (2.1, 6.1) (comparing high to low level of disability) p < 0.001 (comparing scores between no, mild, moderate, severe disability) OR = 2.9 (1.0, 1.2) (comparing high to low level of disability) |
− |
| Tavares et al. (2013) [46] | Brazil | >60 years | Multiple: Participation Mental impairment (cognitive deficit, depression) |
% low adherence | IADL: 33%; Depression: 31%; Cognitive: 27% | No IADL 26%; No depression 28%; No cognitive deficit 29% |
PR = 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) p = 0.009 PR = 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) p = 0.49 PR = 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) p = 0.67 |
− |
+ higher utilization among people with disabilities; − lower; NS no difference; PR prevalence ratio; OR odds ratio.