Figure 6.

Chitosan inhibits the recovery of the PDI surviving cells. For PDI, 15 μM and 20 μM TBO was incubated with (A) S. aureus and (B) P. aeruginosa, respectively. (C) For C. albicans, 400 μM TBO was used for PDI. After light irradiation (50 J cm⁻²), cells were sub-cultured in a fresh liquid medium. Chitosan was then added at the time indicated and further incubated for 30 min. After incubation, cells were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and plate counts were performed. Each value is the mean obtained from three independent experiments ± SD, X represents the complete killing of cells, and *** p < 0.001.