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. 2018 Aug 29;18(9):2855. doi: 10.3390/s18092855
q(t) attitude represented by quaternion at time t: q(t)=q0(t),qx(t),qy(t),qz(t)T
where q0(t) is the scalar part and (qx(t),qy(t),qz(t)) is the vector part of the quaternion
x(t) location at time t: x(t)=x(t),y(t),z(t)T
v(t) velocity at time t: v(t)=dx(t)dt=vx(t),vy(t),vz(t)T
ω(t) rotational velocity measured by gyroscope in the instrument coordinate frame at time t:
ω(t)=ωx(t),ωy(t),ωz(t)T
a(t) acceleration measured in the instrument coordinate frame at time t:
a(t)=(ax(t),ay(t),az(t))T
zx(t) measurement of location at time t: zx(t)=(zx(t),zy(t),zz(t))T
zv(t) measurement of velocity at time t: zv(t)=(zvx(t),zvy(t),zvz(t))T
zm(t) measurement of magnetic field in the instrument coordinate frame at time t:
zm(t)=(zmx(t),zmy(t),zmz(t))T
zh(t) measurement of altitude at time t
bh(t) bias in altitude measurement at time t: zh(t)=z(t)+bh(t)
bω(t) bias in angular rate measurement at time t: bω(t)=bωx(t),bωy(t),bωz(t)T
sa(t) scale factor in acceleration measurement at time t
g gravitational acceleration regarded as constant throughout the implementation
in the northeast down (NED) coordinate system
m geomagnetic field appropriate for a location in the NED coordinate frame that is considered
to be constant throughout the experiment: m=(mx,my,mz)T
ed 3×1 unit vector in the direction d, where d{x,y,z}