Table 4.
Association between Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating, and Emotional Eating Score and Amount of Energy Plated, Consumed, Leftover, and Wasted.
| Cognitive Restraint | Uncontrolled Eating | Emotional Eating | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Response | B | SE | p-Value | B | SE | p-Value | B | SE | p-Value |
| Whole Day | |||||||||
| Total Plated (kcal/day) | 1.40 | 2.79 | 0.616 | 4.61 | 2.57 | 0.077 | 2.87 | 2.25 | 0.206 |
| Total Consumed (kcal/day) | 1.13 | 2.61 | 0.667 | 2.88 | 2.43 | 0.239 | 1.69 | 2.12 | 0.429 |
| Leftover Food (kcal/day) | 0.28 | 1.12 | 0.806 | 1.73 | 1.04 | 0.101 | 1.19 | 0.91 | 0.194 |
| Food Wasted (kcal/day) | −0.38 | 0.77 | 0.623 | 0.89 | 0.72 | 0.219 | −0.22 | 0.63 | 0.722 |
| Food Wasted (%) a | −0.01 | 0.04 | 0.750 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.917 | −0.05 | 0.03 | 0.167 |
| Leftover Food (%) b | −0.01 | 0.06 | 0.911 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.574 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.527 |
| Breakfast | |||||||||
| Total Plated (kcal/day) | −0.36 | 0.87 | 0.679 | −1.63 | 0.80 | 0.044 | −1.00 | 0.70 | 0.156 |
| Total Consumed (kcal/day) | −0.36 | 0.79 | 0.649 | −1.33 | 0.73 | 0.074 | −0.63 | 0.64 | 0.330 |
| Leftover Food (kcal/day) | 0.00 | 0.36 | 0.994 | −0.30 | 0.33 | 0.368 | −0.37 | 0.29 | 0.204 |
| Food Wasted (kcal/day) | −0.23 | 0.18 | 0.200 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.979 | −0.24 | 0.15 | 0.107 |
| Food Wasted (%) a | −0.03 | 0.04 | 0.449 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.464 | −0.02 | 0.03 | 0.630 |
| Leftover Food (%) b | −0.07 | 0.06 | 0.257 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 0.787 | −0.05 | 0.05 | 0.279 |
| Lunch | |||||||||
| Total Plated (kcal/day) | −0.04 | 1.45 | 0.979 | 0.01 | 1.36 | 0.996 | −0.34 | 1.18 | 0.771 |
| Total Consumed (kcal/day) | 0.35 | 1.34 | 0.793 | −0.26 | 1.26 | 0.837 | −0.17 | 1.09 | 0.876 |
| Leftover Food (kcal/day) | −0.39 | 0.44 | 0.380 | 0.27 | 0.42 | 0.526 | −0.17 | 0.36 | 0.634 |
| Food Wasted (kcal/day) | −0.64 | 0.39 | 0.105 | 0.06 | 0.37 | 0.877 | −0.50 | 0.32 | 0.117 |
| Food Wasted (%) a | −0.04 | 0.06 | 0.538 | −0.04 | 0.06 | 0.506 | −0.09 | 0.05 | 0.069 |
| Leftover Food (%) b | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.778 | −0.03 | 0.07 | 0.656 | −0.05 | 0.06 | 0.415 |
| Dinner | |||||||||
| Total Plated (kcal/day) | −0.39 | 2.10 | 0.855 | 4.24 | 1.92 | 0.030 | 3.40 | 1.67 | 0.045 |
| Total Consumed (kcal/day) | −0.84 | 1.84 | 0.650 | 2.56 | 1.71 | 0.138 | 1.89 | 1.49 | 0.209 |
| Leftover Food (kcal/day) | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.443 | 1.67 | 0.52 | 0.002 | 1.51 | 0.45 | 0.001 |
| Food Wasted (kcal/day) | −0.02 | 0.46 | 0.964 | 0.93 | 0.42 | 0.031 | 0.47 | 0.37 | 0.212 |
| Food Wasted (%) a | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.934 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.345 | −0.01 | 0.04 | 0.856 |
| Leftover Food (%) b | −0.01 | 0.07 | 0.914 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.242 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.034 |
| Snack | |||||||||
| Total Plated (kcal/day) | 2.14 | 1.96 | 0.278 | 1.99 | 1.84 | 0.282 | 0.87 | 1.60 | 0.587 |
| Total Consumed (kcal/day) | 1.98 | 1.76 | 0.264 | 1.91 | 1.65 | 0.251 | 0.60 | 1.44 | 0.676 |
| Leftover Food (kcal/day) | 0.16 | 0.49 | 0.740 | 0.09 | 0.46 | 0.852 | 0.27 | 0.40 | 0.496 |
| Food Wasted (kcal/day) | 0.51 | 0.22 | 0.021 | −0.09 | 0.21 | 0.658 | 0.05 | 0.18 | 0.793 |
| Food Wasted (%) a | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.057 | −0.03 | 0.03 | 0.264 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.914 |
| Leftover Food (%) b | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.443 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.775 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.504 |
B = parameter estimate. SE = Standard error. a Percentage food wasted = (total food wasted/total food plated) × 100. b Percentage food left over = (total food left over/total food plated) × 100. General linear model was conducted on each row variable as a dependent variable and each column variable as an independent variable, controlling for age and BMI z-score group (categorized as BMI z-score > 1 vs. BMI z-score ≤ 1). Bold italic indicates that the column factor eating questionnaire is p-value < 0.05.