Figure 1.

(a) Electronic microscopy image of structure of a single sickle hemoglobin (HbS) fiber. Reproduced with permission from reference [74]. (b) Reconstruction of the HbS fiber with a sphere model. Reproduced with permission from reference [74]. (c) Mesoscopic modeling of HbS molecules (left) by patchy particles (right). Green and blue represent lateral and axial intra-double-strand contacts. Red signifies the inter-double-strand contacts. Reproduced with permission from reference [81]. (d) Sequential snapshots of HbS polymerization from a nucleus to a fiber. Reproduced with permission from reference [81].