Table 1.
Main characteristics of the studied participants.
| All | Men | Women | p 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 18 | 8 | 10 | |
| Age, years | 54.3 ± 5.7 | 57.9 ± 4.9 | 51.5 ± 4.7 | 0.014 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 5.2 | 26.0 ± 3.9 | 27.4 ± 6.2 | 0.611 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.92 ± 0.10 | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 0.87 ± 0.09 | 0.008 |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 80.3 ± 15.0 | 89.5 ± 13.3 | 72.9 ± 12.3 | 0.014 |
| GFR, mL min−1 1.73 m2 | 83 ± 15 | 82 ± 14 | 84 ± 16 | 0.813 |
| CRP, mg/L | 2.2 ± 2.9 | 2.6 ± 4.0 | 1.9 ± 3.2 | 0.612 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 36 ± 3 | 35 ± 3 | 37 ± 3 | 0.300 |
| AST, UL | 25.1 ± 5.9 | 24.6 ± 6.1 | 25.6 ± 6.1 | 0.741 |
| ALT, UL | 29.4 ± 11.5 | 27.4 ± 8.4 | 31.1 ± 13.7 | 0.510 |
| Gamma GT, UL | 37.1 ± 25.9 | 45.1 ± 30.4 | 30.7 ± 21.0 | 0.251 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.52 ± 0.95 | 5.42 ± 0.63 | 5.60 ± 1.17 | 0.700 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.66 ± 0.36 | 1.60 ± 0.29 | 1.70 ± 0.43 | 0.593 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.54 ± 0.91 | 3.48 ± 0.61 | 3.59 ± 1.14 | 0.801 |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 14.3 ± 1.2 | 15.4 ± 0.81 | 13.4 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
Data are shown as mean ± SD. 1 p values are according to independent t-test. Conversion factor for SI units for creatinine: 88.4 µmol/L = 1 mg/dL; total-, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol 1 mmol/L = 38.61 mg/dL. AST, aspartate-amino-transferase; ALT, alanine-amino-transferase; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; gamma GT, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase; HbA1C, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein.