Table 1.
Study sample characteristics.
| Total | White | Asian | Other | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | n |
% (n)
or mean (sd) |
n |
% (n)
or mean (sd) |
N |
% (n) or mean (sd) |
N |
% (n) or mean (sd) |
| TAA-PNC * (particles/cm3) | 409 | 22,000 (6500) | 178 | 20,000 (4900) | 149 | 24,000 (7900) | 82 | 21,000 (5000) |
| ln[(TAA-PNC) (particles/cm3)] | 409 | 9.9 (0.35) | 178 | 9.8 (0.28) | 149 | 10.0 (0.43) | 82 | 9.9 (0.27) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 409 | 137.5 (19.5) | 178 | 133.9 (18.3) | 149 | 141.2 (20.6) | 82 | 138.9 (18.8) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 409 | 77.7 (10.3) | 178 | 76.2 (10.7) | 149 | 77.3 (9.3) | 82 | 81.9 (10.4) |
| PP (mmHg) | 409 | 59.8 (16.5) | 178 | 57.6 (14.9) | 149 | 63.9 (18.4) | 82 | 57.1 (15.1) |
| Hypertension | 409 | 63.8 (261) | 178 | 55.6 (99) | 149 | 69.8 (104) | 82 | 70.7 (58) |
| Age (years) | 409 | 61.5 (12.8) | 178 | 59.8 (11.3) | 149 | 66.6 (13.4) | 82 | 56.0 (11.3) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 393 | 27.7 (6.8) | 168 | 29.5 (6.9) | 149 | 24.1 (4.1) | 76 | 30.6 (7.7) |
| ln[light/moderate physical activity (min/week)] | 374 | 4.3 (2.2) | 164 | 3.8 (2.3) | 147 | 5.1 (1.6) | 63 | 3.5 (2.3) |
| Female | 409 | 59.2 (242) | 178 | 59.6 (106) | 149 | 56.4 (84) | 82 | 63.4 (52) |
| Smoker status | 398 | 176 | 145 | 77 | ||||
| Current | 21.1 (84) | 22.2 (39) | 14.5 (21) | 31.2 (24) | ||||
| Former | 30.7 (122) | 43.2 (76) | 15.9 (23) | 29.9 (23) | ||||
| Never | 48.2 (192) | 34.7 (61) | 69.7 (101) | 39.0 (30) | ||||
| Fruit and vegetable consumption ≥ 7x/week | 275 | 38.2 (105) | 125 | 48.0 (60) | 97 | 30.9 (30) | 53 | 28.3 (15) |
| Fried food consumption ≥ 1x/week | 405 | 33.8 (137) | 176 | 45.5 (80) | 149 | 14.8 (22) | 80 | 43.8 (35) |
| Educational Attainment | 409 | 178 | 149 | 82 | ||||
| < HS | 34.2 (140) | 11.2 (20) | 61.7 (92) | 34.2 (28) | ||||
| HS | 31.8 (130) | 36.5 (65) | 24.2 (36) | 35.4 (29) | ||||
| >HS | 34.0 (139) | 52.3 (93) | 14.1 (21) | 30.5 (25) | ||||
| Born in the USA | 404 | 45.5 (184) | 174 | 86.8 (151) | 149 | 0.0 (0) | 81 | 40.7 (33) |
| Statin Medications | 400 | 29.0 (116) | 176 | 31.3 (55) | 144 | 29.2 (42) | 80 | 23.8 (19) |
| Hypertension medications | 400 | 45.0 (180) | 176 | 35.8 (63) | 144 | 54.2 (78) | 80 | 48.8 (39) |
| Diabetes | 399 | 20.3 (81) | 175 | 17.7 (31) | 144 | 18.8 (27) | 80 | 28.8 (23) |
* Time-activity-adjusted particle number concentration. Italics indicate variable levels.