Table 3.
Gender and age category scores of PSQI component scores and total score in all participants.
| Variables | Overall (n = 6905) | Male (n = 4120) | Female (n = 2785) | t | p | 18–39 Years (n = 727) | 40–59 Years (n = 2570) | ≥60 Years (n = 3608) | F | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-rated sleep quality, M ± SD | 1.29 ± 0.01 | 1.24 ± 0.01 | 1.38 ± 0.02 | 7.30 | 0.000 | 1.04 ± 0.75 | 1.26 ± 0.79 | 1.37 ± 0.78 | 59.83 | 0.000 |
| Sleep latency, M ± SD | 1.28 ± 0.01 | 1.22 ± 0.01 | 1.37 ± 0.02 | 7.17 | 0.000 | 1.14 ± 0.79 | 1.24 ± 0.82 | 1.34 ± 0.83 | 24.68 | 0.000 |
| Sleep duration, M ± SD | 0.77 ± 0.01 | 0.76 ± 0.01 | 0.77 ± 0.02 | 0.68 | 0.50 | 0.64 ± 0.81 | 0.73 ± 0.81 | 0.82 ± 0.81 | 18.72 | 0.000 |
| Sleep efficiency, M ± SD | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 4.90 | 0.000 | 0.11 ± 0.40 | 0.13 ± 0.43 | 0.18 ± 0.49 | 11.52 | 0.000 |
| Sleep disturbance, M ± SD | 1.42 ± 0.01 | 1.38 ± 0.01 | 1.48 ± 0.01 | 5.15 | 0.000 | 1.12 ± 0.71 | 1.38 ± 0.72 | 1.54 ± 0.74 | 120.29 | 0.000 |
| Need for sleep medications, M ± SD | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 1.64 | 0.10 | 0.42 ± 0.93 | 0.21 ± 0.63 | 0.15 ± 0.49 | 59.84 | 0.000 |
| Daytime dysfunction, M ± SD | 1.27 ± 0.01 | 1.24 ± 0.01 | 1.31 ± 0.02 | 3.20 | 0.0014 | 1.06 ± 0.96 | 1.20 ± 0.93 | 1.35 ± 0.93 | 40.99 | 0.000 |
| PSQI total score, M ± SD | 6.39 ± 2.99 | 6.17 ± 0.04 | 6.72 ± 0.06 | 7.47 | 0.000 | 5.53 ± 3.17 | 6.12 ± 2.96 | 6.76 ± 2.91 | 69.89 | 0.000 |
M: mean; SD: standard deviation; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.