| ActR | Activin receptor |
| Akt | Protein kinase b |
| ALK | Activin-like receptor |
| ApoE | Apolipoprotein E |
| BAMBI | BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor |
| BMP | Bone morphogenetic protein |
| BMPR2 | Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 |
| c-Src | Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src |
| Cav1 | Caveolin 1 |
| CLIC4 | Chloride intracellular channel 4 |
| Dvl | Disheveled |
| eNOS | Nitric oxide synthase 3 |
| ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| FGF | Fibroblast Growth Factor |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor |
| gp-120 | Envelope glycoprotein GP120 |
| GSK3-β | Glycogen synthase kinase 3-β |
| GDF | Growth differentiation factor |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| ICAM | Intracellular adhesion molecule |
| ID | Inhibitor of differentiation |
| IL | Interleukin |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| LIMK | Lin11, Isl-1, and Mec-3 domain kinase |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| Nef | Negative factor |
| PAH | Pulmonary arterial hypertension |
| PDGF | Platelet derived growth factor |
| PPARγ | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| Rac1 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 |
| RAGE | Receptor for advanced glycation end products |
| RhoA | Ras homolog gene family member A |
| S100A4 | S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4 |
| SMAD | Mothers against decapentaplegic |
| SMURF | SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| Tak1 | TGF-β activated kinase 1 |
| Tat | Trans-activator of transcription |
| TGF | Transforming Growth Factor |
| TNF | Tumo necrosis factor |
| VCAM | Vascular cell adhesion protein |
| VEGFR3 | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 |
| Wnt | Wingless |