Table 1B.

Variables included in clinical risk prediction models for AKI in the ICU: comparison across models

	Kashani et al., 201311	Malhotra et al., 201713	Flechet et al., 201714#
Demographics and comorbidities
Agea	X		X
Gender
Race
BMI >30 kg/m2
Baseline SCr			X
CKDb	X	X
Diabetes mellitus	X		X
Hypertension	X	X
Congestive heart failure		X
Chronic liver disease	X	X
Chronic lung disease
Cardiovascular disease		X
Cancer
HIV
Drug abuse
Acute severity-of-illness variables
Planned vs unplanned ICU admission			X
Surgical vs medical			X
Major surgery
Sepsis	X	X	X
Burns or trauma
Mechanical ventilation		X
Serum albumin
Anemiac		X
Nephrotoxin exposured	X	X
IV or IA radiocontrast exposure
Blood pH ≤7.30		X
Blood glucose on ICU admission			X
Hemodynamic supporte			X
SCr at time of enrollment/ICU Day 1	X		X
APACHE II or III score on Day 1	X		X
Serum lactate on Day 1			X
Serum bilirubin on Day 1			X
Total hours in ICU on Day 1			X

Blue and red boxes indicate variables that were assessed and were (blue) or were not (red) significant predictors of AKI in the final model; white boxes indicate that the variable was not assessed in the study. “X” denotes that the clinical parameter was included in the final model.

APACHE = Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation; BMI = body mass index; CKD = chronic kidney disease; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; IA = intra-arterial; ICU = intensive care unit; IV = intravenous; SCr = serum creatinine.

^#Based on “Day 1 model” only.

^aAge >70 years (Malhotra et al.); used as a continuous variable in the other 2 studies.

^bRecorded from the patient’s medical history (Kashani et al.); defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m², calculated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation (Malhotra et al.).

^cHematocrit <30% (Kashani et al.); Hemoglobin <9 mg/dL or hematocrit <27% (Malhotra et al.).

^dExposure to any of the following drugs within 5 days prior to and including the day of enrollment: NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcineurin inhibitors, beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, vancomycin, acyclovir, amphotericin, allopurinol, colistin (Kashani et al.); exposure within 7 days prior to ICU admission to IV or IA radiocontrast, ≥3 nephrotoxins (amphotericin, aminoglycosides, chemotherapy, anti-retroviral drugs, or NSAIDs), or ≥3 days of aminoglycosides (Malhotra et al.); exposure to nephrotoxins as a category was not evaluated by Flechet et al., but the following individual medication exposures during the first day of ICU stay were examined, and none was a significant predictor of AKI in the final model: vancomycin, aminoglycosides, anti-retrovirals, beta-lactam antibiotics, diuretics, calcineurin inhibitors, antifungals, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, and IV or IA radiocontrast.

^eHypotension (MAP <70 mmHg) within five days prior to and including the day of enrollment (Kashani et al.); MAP <70 mmHg or use of any vasopressor (Malhotra et al.); mechanical or pharmacological hemodynamic support (Flechet et al.).