Table 2.
Mean changes in cytokines levels (pg/dL) from baseline to visit 3
| Cytokine | Control
|
PDT
|
AF
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean change | L95 | U95 | P-value | Mean change | L95 | U95 | P-value | Mean change | L95 | U95 | P-value | |
| PLGF | 0.65 | −2.42 | 3.73 | 0.67 | −1.43 | −5.86 | 2.98 | 0.52 | −1.06 | −4.98 | 2.85 | 0.59 |
| VEGF-A | −41.06 | −227.48 | 145.34 | 0.66 | −173.05 | −440.48 | 94.36 | 0.20 | −72.6 | −72.60 | −309.80 | 0.55 |
| VEGF-C | −8.17 | −27.4 | 11.04 | 0.2 | −2.6 | −31.37 | 26.12 | 0.4 | 27.76 | 2.83 | 52.69 | 0.01* |
| Angiopoeitin-2 | −26.53 | −8.79 | 25.71 | 0.16 | 49.66 | −28.47 | 127.81 | 0.1 | 76.76 | 8.99 | 144.5 | 0.01* |
| EGF | 1.5 | 0.03 | 3.09 | 0.02* | −0.54 | −2.82 | 1.73 | 0.32 | −1.11 | −3.09 | 0.86 | 0.13 |
| Endothelin-1 | −6.7 | −13.12 | −0.32 | 0.02* | 7.98 | −1.57 | 17.55 | 0.052 | 0.27 | −6.01 | 10.57 | 0.29 |
| Follistatin | 6.6 | −44.99 | 31.78 | 0.3 | 19.04 | −38.36 | 76.46 | 0.25 | 7.95 | −41.82 | 57.73 | 0.37 |
| G-CSF | −41.84 | −92.5 | 9.81 | 0.06 | 34.01 | −36.56 | 104.58 | 0.17 | −9.09 | −87.07 | 67.25 | 0.4 |
| HBEGF | 0.27 | −0.55 | 1.1 | 0.25 | −0.26 | −1.5 | 0.98 | 0.34 | 0.65 | −0.42 | 1.73 | 0.11 |
| HGF | −126.71 | −445.8 | 192.36 | 0.21 | 18.56 | −348.52 | 605.66 | 0.29 | 476.31 | 62.5 | 890.12 | 0.01* |
| Leptin | 159.53 | −138.39 | 457.47 | 0.14 | −451.12 | −896.73 | −5.5 | 0.02* | −63.6 | −449.98 | 322.77 | 0.37 |
| ICAM | 1,532.74 | −11,935.9 | 15,001.39 | 0.41 | −4,664.07 | −24,128.8 | 14,800.66 | 0.31 | −18,910.5 | −36,558 | −1,288.68 | 0.01* |
| IL-3 | 0.05 | −7.22 | 7.33 | 0.49 | 5.69 | −5.19 | 16.57 | 0.15 | 1.68 | −7.75 | 11.12 | 0.36 |
| IL-6 | 10.78 | −170.33 | 191.9 | 0.45 | −319.73 | −589.22 | −50.25 | 0.01* | −35.7 | −270.59 | 199.18 | 0.38 |
| IL-7 | −0.23 | −0.73 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.23 | −0.5 | 0.98 | 0.26 | 0.69 | 0.04 | 1.33 | 0.01* |
| IL-8 | −1.6 | −4.92 | 1.71 | 0.17 | −0.07 | −5.03 | 4.88 | 0.48 | 5.39 | 1.08 | 9.69 | <0.01* |
| IL-17 | 0.19 | −0.09 | 0.84 | 0.09 | −0.32 | −0.75 | 0.1 | 0.06 | −0.41 | −0.79 | −0.04 | 0.01* |
| MCP-1 | −194.13 | −1,136.29 | 748.02 | 0.3 | −1,219.17 | −2,627.66 | 189.32 | 0.046 | 365.61 | −856.25 | 1,587.47 | 0.2 |
| TNF-α | −0.05 | −0.26 | 0.15 | 0.31 | −0.03 | −0.35 | 0.28 | 0.4 | 0.03 | −0.24 | 0.38 | 0.4 |
| PDGF-AA | −4.15 | −13.13 | 4.18 | 0.18 | −10.4 | −23.83 | 3.02 | 0.06 | 5.68 | −5.96 | 17.33 | 0.17 |
Note:
*
Statistical significant is P<0.05.
Abbreviations: AF, aflibercept; EGF, epidermal growth factor; G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; HBEGF, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; IL, interleukin; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; PDT, photodynamic therapy; PLGF, placental growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.