Table 2.

Concentrations of metal in EBC collected from healthy subjects

Study	n	Subjects	Smoking status	Fe	Zn	Cu	Cr	Mn	Ni	Pb	Ti
Caglieri et al., 2006	25	Healthy	N and EX				0.28
Mutti et al., 2006	50	Not provided	N and EX	≈10		≈1.25		≈0.1	<1	<0.10
Goldoni et al., 2008	20	Healthy	N				0.18
Corradi et al., 2009	33	Healthy	N	1.20	1.60	0.60	ND	0.10	0.02	0.02
Vlasic et al., 2009	22	Healthy	N	22
Fox et al., 2013	8	Not provided	Not provided				0.25	0.57	0.87
Hulo et al., 2014	16	Not provided	N and S	0.50				0.32	0.24
Pelclova et al., 2015	20	Not provided	N, S, and EX								ND
Leese et al., 2017	22	Not provided	Not provided				0.01–0.09

Metal concentrations are provided in ppb μg/L). N is non-smoker, S is smoker, and EX is ex-smoker. ND is not detectable.