NLS–EGFP recombinant proteins entered both PK15 cells and Sf9 cells.
A, PK15 cells were incubated with 4 μg/ml NLS–EGFP (left) or EGFP (middle) for 1 h and washed three times with PBS before imaging with a dual-channel confocal laser-scanning microscope (Nikon TiE). A third test with Opti-MEM incubation only was used as a treatment control (right). Green indicates EGFP signal in the cells, and cell nuclei (blue) are indicated by Hoechst. B, bar graph summarizing the percentage of the PK15 cells with intracellular fluorescence under the above three incubation treatments (n = 4; error bars represent S.D.; ***, p < 0.001). C, bar graph summarizing fluorescence intensity of the PK15 cells under the above three incubation treatments (n = 4; error bars represent S.D.; ***, p < 0.001). D, Sf9 cells were incubated with NLS–EGFP (left) or EGFP (middle) for 1 h and washed three times with PBS before imaging with a dual-channel confocal laser-scanning microscope (Nikon TiE). Another test with Opti-MEM incubation only was used as a treatment control (right). Green indicates EGFP signal in the cells, and cell nuclei (blue) are indicated by Hoechst. E, bar graph summarizing the percentage of the Sf9 cells with intracellular fluorescence under the above three incubation treatments (n = 4; error bars represent S.D.; ***, p < 0.001). F, bar graph summarizing fluorescence intensity of the Sf9 cells under the above three incubation treatments (n = 4; error bars represent S.D.; ***, p < 0.001). All scale bars represent 10 μm. a.u., arbitrary units.