NF-κB inhibition by GtgA variants.
A, immunoblot analysis of 293ET cells co-transfected with plasmids encoding an NF-κB–dependent firefly luciferase, a constitutively expressed Renilla luciferase, and GFP or the indicated GFP–GtgA variant. 293ET cells were stimulated with 20 ng/ml TNFα for 8 h. B, confocal microscopy images of HeLa cells transiently transfected with plasmids encoding GFP or the indicated GFP–GtgA variant. Scale bar, 10 μm. C, luciferase activity was measured in cell lysates from the experiment shown in A. Data are presented as the fold change in NF-κB reporter activity between unstimulated and TNFα-stimulated 293ET cells and represent the mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments, for which individual data points are indicated. Statistical significances were calculated between WT and each GtgA variant (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01, ordinary one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett's multiple comparisons test).