Table 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics of the participants
| Sham (n = 20) | Treatment (n = 20) | Group differences, χ2 (P-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, N | 0.10 (0.75) | ||
| Male | 9 | 10 | |
| Female | 11 | 10 | |
| Race, N | 0.00 (1.00) | ||
| Asian | 10 | 10 | |
| White | 10 | 10 | |
| Education, N | 1.73 (0.79) | ||
| <High school | 0 | 0 | |
| High school | 3 | 3 | |
| 2 years college | 5 | 2 | |
| College | 5 | 7 | |
| Master’s | 3 | 3 | |
| Doctoral | 4 | 5 | |
| Employment, N | 3.13 (0.68) | ||
| Working | 11 | 10 | |
| Laid off | 0 | 1 | |
| Unemployed | 0 | 0 | |
| Retired | 5 | 0 | |
| Disabled | 0 | 0 | |
| Student | 0 | 1 | |
| Keeping house | 1 | 1 | |
| Marital status, N | 1.33 (0.86) | ||
| Married | 15 | 15 | |
| Widowed | 1 | 1 | |
| Divorced | 1 | 0 | |
| Separated | 0 | 2 | |
| Never married | 2 | 0 | |
| Living with partner | 1 | 2 | |
| M (SD) | M (SD) | F(1) (P-value) | |
| Age (years) | 59.3 (8.6) | 60.6 (9.8) | 0.18 (0.67) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.0 (4.1) | 27.0 (3.3) | 0.85 (0.36) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; M, mean; N, number.