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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2018 Mar 31;48(4):1120–1128. doi: 10.1002/jmri.26028

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The vessel wall imaging pulse sequence (a), which consists of a low-flip-angle delay alternating nutation with tailored excitation (DANTE) module, followed by a variable refocusing angle 3D turbo-spin-echo (TSE) readout, and concludes with an anti-driven equilibrium module to reduce steady-state cerebrospinal signal magnetization. Block pulses are shown for simplicity, however only the DANTE pulses are block pulses, TSE refocusing pulses are sinc-gauss pulses (five lobes; duration=5.9 ms), and the anti-driven equilibrium pulse is an asymmetric sinc-gauss pulse (seven lobes; duration=4.4 ms). Below, longitudinal magnetization is simulated for the DANTE pulse train for blood (b) and CSF (c) for physiological intracranial blood flow velocities or basal cistern CSF velocities. Blood magnetization converges to zero, however the CSF magnetization is more variable, and suppression is evaluated experimentally in this study.