Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the COACH support program and matched control patients
| COACH (n = 1724) | Control (n = 1724) | |
|---|---|---|
| Gender,a n (%) | ||
| Female | 824 (48) | 824 (48) |
| Male | 900 (52) | 900 (52) |
| Age group,a n (%) | ||
| 18–47 years | 378 (22) | 378 (22) |
| 48–55 years | 404 (23) | 404 (23) |
| 56–61 years | 460 (27) | 460 (27) |
| ≥ 62 years | 482 (28) | 482 (28) |
| Pre-study insulin use,a n (%) | ||
| Insulin glargine 100 U/mL | 783 (45) | 783 (45) |
| Other insulin | 923 (54) | 923 (54) |
| Insulin naive | 18 (1) | 18 (1) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | ||
| Type 1 | 115 (6.7) | 127 (7.4) |
| Type 2 | 814 (47) | 869 (50) |
| Unknown | 795 (46) | 728 (42) |
| Health insurance plan, n (%) | ||
| Assistanceb | 1,007 (58)** | 741 (43) |
| Commercial | 579 (34)** | 720 (42) |
| Medicare | 87 (5)** | 204 (12) |
| Cash | 32 (2)** | 20 (1) |
| Managed Medicaid | 13 (1)** | 26 (2) |
| Medicaid | 6 (0.4)** | 13 (1) |
| Copay for first prescription of insulin glargine,a,c n (%) | ||
| US $0 | 141 (8.0) | 141 (8.0) |
| US $0.01–14.99 | 109 (6.0) | 109 (6.0) |
| US $15 | 1,222 (71) | 1,222 (71) |
| > US $15 | 251 (15) | 251 (15) |
| Practitioner specialty, n (%) | ||
| Endocrinology | 567 (33) | 555 (32) |
| Family medicine | 445 (26) | 443 (26) |
| Internal medicine | 296 (17) | 345 (20) |
| Family practice | 217 (13) | 174 (10) |
| Nurse practitioner | 38 (2) | 24 (1) |
| Emergency medicine | 19 (1) | 16 (1) |
| Physician assistant | 16 (1) | 24 (1) |
| Diabetes | 15 (1) | 26 (2) |
| Internal medicine/pediatrics | 15 (1) | 12 (1) |
| General practice | 12 (1) | 23 (1) |
| Unknown | 13 (1) | 10 (1) |
| Other | 0 (0)* | 68 (4) |
Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding
*P < 0.05 vs control patients and **P < 0.0001 vs control patients for chi-square test
aCharacteristic used for matching patients in the COACH cohort with control patients
bIncludes coupons, discount cards, and privately or state-funded assistance programs for uninsured, low-income patients or those who are ineligible for public programs
cCopay data were missing for 1 patient in the COACH cohort, who was matched to a patient in the control cohort with missing copay data