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. 2018 Sep 25;9:1338. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01338

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Copyright © 2018 Niizeki and Saitoh.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Comparison of the oscillation strength (OS) of the ACF of δ-wave, λ, HF_n, and A_RSA calculated for the entire night (Entire), the first three quarters (F3_4), and last three quarters (L3_4) of the sleep period. *P < 0.05 vs. λ, ^$$P < 0.01 vs. HF_n, ^##P < 0.01 vs. A_RSA, P < 0.05 vs. Entire and F3_4. (B) Maximum values of the cross-correlation function (CCF_max) between δ-wave and λ, between δ-wave and HF_n, and between δ-wave and A_RSA. ^##P < 0.01 vs. δ-A_RSA, ^$$P < 0.01 vs. δ-HF_n, P < 0.01 vs. Entire and F3_4. (C) Time delay (T_d) of the δ-wave from the changes in λ, HF_n, and A_RSA. Statistical comparison of T_d was performed with the null hypothesis of a zero time delay for each variable. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

Inline graphic — (A) Comparison of the oscillation strength (OS) of the ACF of δ-wave, λ, HF_n, and A_RSA calculated for the entire night (Entire), the first three quarters (F3_4), and last three quarters (L3_4) of the sleep period. *P < 0.05 vs. λ, ^$$P < 0.01 vs. HF_n, ^##P < 0.01 vs. A_RSA, P < 0.05 vs. Entire and F3_4. (B) Maximum values of the cross-correlation function (CCF_max) between δ-wave and λ, between δ-wave and HF_n, and between δ-wave and A_RSA. ^##P < 0.01 vs. δ-A_RSA, ^$$P < 0.01 vs. δ-HF_n, P < 0.01 vs. Entire and F3_4. (C) Time delay (T_d) of the δ-wave from the changes in λ, HF_n, and A_RSA. Statistical comparison of T_d was performed with the null hypothesis of a zero time delay for each variable. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.