Table 1.

Results of linear mixed model analysis of durational variables in Experiment 1.

Effect	Parameter	Token duration		Vowel duration
		Estimate	SE	Estimate	SE
Fixed effects
Intercept	β	0.361***	0.017	0.219***	0.011
Category	β	0.007	0.019	0.004	0.013
Sentence position	β	-0.042*	0.019	-0.024	0.013
Lexical status	β	0.04	0.021	-0.008	0.014
Gender	β	0.003	0.011	-0.004	0.007
Category × Position	β	-0.027	0.027	-0.021	0.018
Category × Status	β	-0.006	0.024	-0.002	0.016
Position × Status	β	-0.06*	0.024	-0.022	0.016
Category × Position × Status	β	-0.0003	0.035	-0.007	0.023
Random effects
Participant	σ2	0.003	0.004	0.001	0.038
Item	σ2	0.001	0.002	0.0004	0.021
Residual	σ2	0.003	0.004	0.001	0.034

Statistical significance was based on degrees of freedom estimated using the Satterthwaite approximation (^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001).