Fig. 1.

Guidelines for diagnosis of liver cancer. Typical manifestations: defined as obvious enhancements of lesions during the enhanced arterial phase (mainly late arterial phase) and reductions in enhancements during the portal venous or delayed phase that exhibit an enhancement mode of “rapid wash in and out.” Atypical manifestations: in the absence of lesion enhancement in the arterial phase, or when there is no reduction or no obvious reduction or even a mild increase in enhancement noted in the portal venous and delayed phases. Dynamic MRI: defined as dynamic enhanced MRI scan. Dynamic enhanced CT: defined as dynamic enhanced triphasic scan. CEUS: defined as the real-time monitoring of blood flow perfusion of normal tissues and lesion tissues using ultrasonography contrast agents. EOB-MRI: defined as Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI scan. AFP+: above the upper limits of normal of serum AFP.