Table 4.
Multivariable model with certain diagnosis of axSpA (level of confidence ≥ 7/10) as an outcome and SpA features as independent variables in female CBP population
| Independent variable | OR (95% CI) (N = 424a) |
p value |
|---|---|---|
| HLA-B27+ | 6.7 (3.2–14.0) | < 0.001 |
| IBP | 4.0 (1.7—8.9) | 0.001 |
| Uveitis | 3.1 (1.0–9.2) | 0.04 |
| Psoriasis | 4.6 (1.8–12.0) | 0.002 |
| Heel enthesitis | 4.3 (1.9–9.7) | < 0.001 |
| Dactylitis | 5.2 (1.0–26.9) | 0.05 |
| IBD | 4.7 (1.5–14.8) | 0.009 |
| Peripheral arthritis | 1.4 (0.5–3.7) | 0.5 |
| Response to NSAIDs | 3.1 (1.6–6.0) | 0.001 |
| Family history of SpA | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | 0.8 |
| Elevated CRP/ESR | 1.7 (0.8–3.5) | 0.2 |
| MRI-SIJ+ | 32.6 (14.2–75.0) | < 0.001 |
| X-SIJ+ | 6.9 (1.4–32.7) | 0.02 |
Bold data indicate significant results
axSpA axial spondyloarthritis, SpA spondyloarthritis, CBP chronic back pain, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, HLA human leukocyte antigen, IBP inflammatory back pain, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, MRI-SIJ magnetic resonance imaging of sacroiliac joints, X-SIJ plain radiograph of of sacroiliac joints
aNumber of patients with complete data on all variables