Table 9.

Outcomes of the interventions as reported in the papers

Author	Country	Year	Outcomes of the interventions as reported in the papers
Cleary et al. [38]	Australia	2005	Intervention useful to their work, Improved communication, clinical skills, teamwork
Ferguson et al. [39]	Australia	2007	Opportunity to review care practices, development of QI plans, improved observation and feedback skills, team building
Williams et al. [40]	Australia	2009	Evaluated positively bay all stakeholders
Travaglia et al. [41]	Australia	2011	Feeling of empowerment to implement change in the work environment, improved communication, unit performance and patient flow
MacPhail et al. [23]	Australia	2015	High satisfaction with the intervention, feasible, increased willingness to lead teams and work as part of multidisciplinary teams
Leggat et al. [42]	Australia	2016	Improved leadership practices, emotional intelligence, psychological empowerment patient safety skills
Dierckx de Casterelé [45]	Belgium	2008	Self-awareness enhanced communication skills, improvement of the work environment
Miller and Dalton [25]	England	2011	Successful in building teamwork and communication
Leeson and Millar [26]	England	2013	Positive experience, ability to take responsibility for action, change in working practices
Enterkin et al. [27]	England	2013	Feelings of empowerment, self-awareness and confidence, ability to delegate, and empower others, feeling of support from management
Phillips and Byrne [31]	England	2013	Increased understanding of participants’ contribution to patient care
Castillo and James [32]	England	2013	Improved confidence, better communication, increased problem-solving skills
Stoll et al. [33]	England	2011	Greater understand of service delivery, change in care processes and procedures
Miani et al. [34]	England	2013	Enhanced leadership and communication skills, team management skills, increased confidence, improved patient experience
Runnacle et al. [35]	England	2013	Improvement in use of quality improvement skills
Lunn et al. [28]	Ireland	2008	Enhanced communication, problem solving and decision-making skills, ability to empower teams
McNamara et al. [29]	Ireland	2014	Supportive and contributes to clinical leadership skills development
Fealy et al. [36]	Ireland	2015	Service development, improved care practices
Patton et al. [37]	Ireland	2013	Increased self-awareness, improved communication skills and team work
Pearson et al. [30]	Scotland	2010	Good in preparing participants for work challenges, increased ability to manage relationships
Martin et al. [46]	Switzerland	2012	Improved ability to inspire shared vision, and challenging the process
Kling [43]	USA	2010	Positive experience, enhanced basic nursing skills and knowledge, improved time management and delegation skills
Abraham [44]	USA	2011	Improved decision-making skills
Lekan et al. [24]	USA	2011	Improved communication skills, ability to delegate, skills to lead practice, patient outcomes, promotion of nurses to supervisory posts