Table 2.
Fatty acid proportions (%) of R. differens feeding on the six gradually diversifying natural diets consisting of one, and mixtures of two, three, five, six and eight grass species inflorescences
| Fatty acid | Dietary treatment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One grass | Two grasses | Three grasses | Five grasses | Six grasses | Eight grasses | |
| C10:0 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.09 ± 0.09 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C12:0 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 |
| C14:0 | 0.75 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.09 | 0.68 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.18 | 0.81 ± 0.09 | 0.68 ± 0.15 |
| C15:0 | 0.32 ± 0.05 | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.38 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.05 | 0.23 ± 0.03 |
| C16:0 | 20.74 ± 3.17 | 20.19 ± 2.05 | 19.61 ± 2.08 | 19.80 ± 3.71 | 22.26 ± 2.14 | 22.12 ± 3.49 |
| C18:0 | 8.66 ± 0.90 | 8.80 ± 0.49 | 9.20 ± 0.83 | 9.09 ± 1.34 | 7.79 ± 0.81 | 7.69 ± 0.78 |
| C20:0 | 1.27 ± 0.30 | 1.18 ± 0.25 | 1.41 ± 0.36 | 1.35 ± 0.29 | 0.94 ± 0.23 | 1.05 ± 0.29 |
| C22:0 | 0.49 ± 0.14 | 0.44 ± 0.11 | 0.50 ± 0.13 | 0.51 ± 0.14 | 0.37 ± 0.14 | 0.36 ± 0.13 |
| C23:0 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.02 |
| C24:0 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.02 |
| C26:0 | 0.24 ± 0.07 | 0.32 ± 0.21 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.14 ± 0.05 |
| ∑SFA | 32.62 ± 3.23 | 31.91 ± 1.47 | 32.10 ± 1.72 | 32.50 ± 3.93 | 32.80 ± 1.37 | 32.45 ± 3.81 |
| C14:1n5t | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C14:1n5 | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.03 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.04 |
| C16:1n9 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.00 |
| C16:1n7 | 0.96 ± 0.16 | 0.76 ± 0.17 | 0.66 ± 0.12 | 0.85 ± 0.21 | 1.34 ± 0.40 | 1.15 ± 0.16 |
| C17:1n10 | 0.17 ± 0.12 | 0.15 ± 0.05 | 0.27 ± 0.11 | 0.37 ± 0.10 | 0.32 ± 0.11 | 0.31 ± 0.10 |
| C17:1n8 | 0.50 ± 0.13 | 0.46 ± 0.08 | 0.41 ± 0.15 | 0.42 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.04 |
| C18:1n10,12t | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.03 ± 0.02 |
| C18:1n9t | 0.18 ± 0.03 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.05 | 0.19 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.03 |
| C18:1n7t | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C18:1n9 | 20.46 ± 2.88 | 22.28 ± 2.81 | 19.51 ± 2.74 | 22.32 ± 3.18 | 27.25 ± 3.26 | 28.60 ± 2.30 |
| C18:1n7 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C20:1n11,12 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.19 ± 0.05 | 0.22 ± 0.07 |
| C20:1n9 | 0.27 ± 0.07 | 0.23 ± 0.06 | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.28 ± 0.07 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C22:1n9 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C24:1n9 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.07 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 |
| ∑MUFA | 22.81 ± 2.73 | 24.36 ± 2.74 | 21.61 ± 2.70 | 24.75 ± 3.15 | 29.83 ± 3.28 | 30.85 ± 2.16 |
| C18:2n5c,9t | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.06 ± 0.04 |
| C18:2n6 | 26.27 ± 6.26 | 26.95 ± 2.65 | 28.45 ± 2.99 | 26.82 ± 6.01 | 21.03 ± 2.74 | 22.87 ± 5.16 |
| C18:3n6 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.02 |
| C18:3n3 | 16.34 ± 2.06 | 15.04 ± 2.26 | 15.88 ± 2.05 | 13.85 ± 1.35 | 14.72 ± 1.48 | 12.36 ± 1.23 |
| CLA18:2n6t,8c | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C20:2n6 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.03 |
| C20:3n3 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 |
| C22:2n6 | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.06 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C20:5n3 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.02 |
| C22:4n6 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 |
| C22:5n6 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.04 |
| ∑PUFA | 42.90 ± 5.43 | 42.21 ± 3.94 | 44.43 ± 3.78 | 40.81 ± 6.09 | 36.08 ± 4.04 | 35.50 ± 5.42 |
| n6/n3 | 1.85 ± 0.64 | 1.98 ± 0.41 | 1.89 ± 0.29 | 2.03 ± 0.53 | 1.45 ± 0.12 | 1.90 ± 0.44 |
| iso/anteiso | 0.19 ± 0.06 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.24 ± 0.07 | 0.22 ± 0.05 | 0.23 ± 0.07 |
| C10:1n1c-C11:0 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| C18:1n3c + C19:0 | 1.43 ± 0.29 | 1.35 ± 0.31 | 1.46 ± 0.27 | 1.60 ± 0.42 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.24 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SE; n = 5; SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; n6/n3, ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids; C, number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid structure; c, cis; t, trans fatty acid; C10:1n1c-C11:0 and C18:1n3c + C19:0 were unresolved fatty acids, i.e., they were not separated during analysis and thus quantified together