Table.

Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Prescription Opioid Dependence Receiving Buprenorphine Treatment in Primary Care

Characteristic	Treatment Groupa		P Value
	Taper (n = 57)	Maintenance (n = 56)
Age, mean (95% CI), y	30.3 (28.0–32.6)	30.5 (27.9–33.1)	.88
Male sex	34 (60)	31 (55)	.64
White race	56 (98)	52 (93)	.16
Hispanic ethnicity	4 (7)	4 (7)	.68
Full-time employmentb	23 (40)	25/53 (47)	.47
Educational level beyond high schoolb	36 (63)	35/53 (66)	.75
Never marriedb	37 (65)	34/53 (61)	.93
Duration of opioid dependence, mean (95% CI), y	4.5 (3.3–5.6)	4.9 (3.7–6.0)	.63
Provided an opioid-positive urine sample during induction and stabilization period	16 (28)	13 (23)	.55
Patient-reported illicit opioid use in the past 30 d, mean (95% CI), d	20.8 (18.9–22.7)	21.1 (19.2–23.0)	.88
Cocaine abuse	5 (9)	8 (14)	.36
Route of opioid administration, nasal or oral	56 (98)	56 (100)	.32
Prior therapy
Attempted opioid detoxification	8 (14)	6 (11)	.54
Formal treatment for an opioid use disorderc	18 (33)	14 (25)	.37
Use of other substances in past 30 d, mean (95% CI), d
Alcohol	2.4 (0.8–4.1)	5.6 (3.8–7.1)	.01
Cocaine	0.4 (0.2–1.0)	0.9 (0.3–1.5)	.23
Duration of induction and stabilization therapy, mean (95% CI), d	11.7 (10.9–12.4)	12.3 (11.6–13.1)	.24

^aBuprenorphine treatment was administered as a tablet formulation of buprenorphine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride in a 4:1 ratio. Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as number (percentage) of patients.

^bIncludes 53 patients in the maintenance group.

^cIncludes 55 patients in the taper group.