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. 2018 Sep 28;13:5909–5924. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S175608

Figure 11.

Figure 11

Figure 11

Effects of nano-TiO2 on ERK1/2 signaling pathway-related proteins involved in testosterone synthesis in primary cultured rat LCs for 24 hours determined via ICC.

Notes: (A) Representative result determined via ICC of ERK1/2 in LCs. (B) Fluorescence intensity of ERK1/2 in LCs (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001). (C) Representative result determined via ICC of pERK1/2 in LCs. (D) The fluorescence intensity of pERK1/2 in LCs (*P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001). (E) Representative result determined via ICC of PKA in LCs. (F) Fluorescence intensity of PKA in LCs (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001). (G) Representative result determined via ICC of PKC in LCs. (H) Fluorescence intensity of PKC in LCs (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001). Results, presented as mean ± SD (n=5), clearly indicate dysfunction of the ERK1/2 pathway in LCs treated with nano-TiO2.

Abbreviations: ICC, immunocytochemistry; LCs, Leydig cells; nano-TiO2, nanoparticulate TiO2.