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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Immunol. 2018 May;19(5):421–425. doi: 10.1038/s41590-018-0084-4

Fig. 3. Experimental and analytical factors affect the appearance of observed networks.

Fig. 3

As described in Fig. 2, networks can entail distinct nodes and edges in comparisons of species. In addition, several challenges affect the evaluation of these networks, with misleading results. For example, variation in experimental measurements can lead to false-positive or false-negative edges (middle), or analyses might be restricted to shared ancestral nodes (bottom). The challenge is to estimate properties of the real networks based only on the observed networks.