TABLE 1.

Subject characteristics

Characteristics	Group
	CTRL	NAFL	NASH
Number	16	10	32
Sex (% female)	81.3	90.0	65.6
Age (years)	42.3 ± 2.5	41.6 ± 3.9	45.5 ± 1.8
BMI (kg/m2)	41.0 ± 1.6	45.5 ± 2.4	48.39 ± 1.9
Type II diabetes (%)	6.3	20.0	34.4
Glucose (mmol/l)	5.7 ± 0.3	5.6 ± 0.3	6.9 ± 0.4a,b
Insulin (mU/l)	12.3 ± 1.3	20.0 ± 3.5	18.8 ± 1.9
HOMA-IR	3.06 ± 0.34	4.96 ± 0.76	5.50 ± 0.51a
HbA1c (%)	6.1 ± 0.2	6.5 ± 0.4	6.9 ± 0.2
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	4.74 ± 0.22	5.20 ± 0.31	4.97 ± 0.19
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.13 ± 0.09	0.95 ± 0.08	1.02 ± 0.08
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	2.76 ± 0.21	3.30 ± 0.36	2.99 ± 0.17
TG (mmol/l)	1.87 ± 0.24	1.98 ± 0.32	2.22 ± 0.21
Free FA (mmol/l)	0.51 ± 0.06	0.59 ± 0.12	0.92 ± 0.19
ALT (U/l)	19.9 ± 1.2	25.3 ± 2.9	28.6 ± 2.5
AST (U/l)	15.3 ± 1.9	17.9 ± 2.5	28.2 ± 2.2c
CRP (mg/l)	9.4 ± 2.1	16.3 ± 5.7	9.6 ± 1.0

Baseline characteristics of CTRL, NAFL, and NASH groups are shown as percent (for categorical data) and mean ± SEM (for nominal data). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test (categorical) or Mann-Whitney U test (nominal). HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CRP, C-reactive protein.

^aP < 0.05 versus CTRL.

^bP < 0.05 versus NAFL.

^cP < 0.01 versus CTRL.