Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics, enrolment group, and distribution in diagnostic categories of the study participants
| Minsk, Belarus (N=121) | Vitoria, Brazil (N=128) | Cape Town, South Africa (N=152) | Zheng-zhou, China (N=101) | Tbilisi, Georgia (N=372) | Johannesburg, South Africa (N=234) | Nairobi, Kenya (N=135) | Mumbai, India (N=213) | New Delhi, India (N=116) | Kampala, Uganda (N=181) | All participants (N=1753) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic or clinical characteristics | |||||||||||
| Age, years | 42 (28–56) | 50 (37–59) | 41 (34–49) | 47 (34–57) | 45 (33–57) | 34 (30–43) | 33 (26–44) | 31 (23–45) | 30 (21–45) | 30 (26–39) | 38 (28–50) |
| Female sex | 50/121 (41%) | 47/128 (37%) | 89/152 (59%) | 25/101 (25%) | 105/372 (28%) | 87/234 (37%) | 66/135 (49%) | 110/213 (52%) | 50/116 (43%) | 65/181 (36%) | 694/1753 (40%) |
| HIV infection | 7/8 (≤4%*) | 7/128 (5%) | 87/152 (57%) | 0/101 | 7/13 (≤4·0%*) | 157/214 (73%†) | 78/135 (58%) | 8/10 (≤4%*) | 7/54 (≤4%*) | 83/181 (46%) | 441/996 (25%*) |
| History of tuberculosis‡ | 5/48 (10%) | 10/128 (8%) | 59/150 (39%) | 1/133 (3%) | 95/348 (27%) | 55/234 (24%) | 20/135 (15%) | 7/64 (11%)§ | 28/115 (24%) | 15/181 (8%) | 295/1436 (21%)§ |
| Enrolment group¶ | |||||||||||
| Case detection group | 48/121 (40%) | 128/128 (100%) | 150/152 (99%) | 33/101 (33%) | 348/372 (94%) | 234/234 (100%) | 135/135 (100%) | 67/213 (31%) | 115/116 (99%) | 181/181 (100%) | 1439/1753 (82%) |
| Multidrug-resistance risk group | 73/121 (60%) | 0/128 | 2/152 (1%) | 68/101 (67%) | 24/372 (6%) | 0/234 | 0/135 | 146/213 (69%) | 1/116 (1%) | 0/181 | 314/1753 (18%) |
| Distribution in diagnostic categories | |||||||||||
| Culture-positive sputum‡ | 25/48 (52%) | 34/128 (27%) | 27/150 (18%) | 26/33 (79%) | 95/348 (27%) | 74/234 (32%) | 28/135 (21%) | 44/67 (66%) | 43/115 (37%) | 67/181 (37%) | 462/1439 (32%) |
| Proportion of participants with culture-positive sputum that was smear-negative‡ | 14/25 (56%) | 5/34 (15%) | 14/27 (52%) | 4/26 (15%) | 39/95 (41%) | 18/74 (24%) | 6/28 (21%) | 14/44 (32%) | 8/41 (20%)‖ | 16/6 (24%) | 137/460 (30%)‖ |
| Proportion of participants with culture-positive sputum that was rifampicin resistant** | 30/51 (59%) | 1/35 (3%) | 2/27 (7%) | 46/89 (52%) | 28/100 (29%) | 2/67 (3%) | 0/26 | 92/168 (55%) | 11/43 (26%) | 0/78 | 213/684 (31%) |
Data are median (IQR) or n/N (%).
For sites where HIV infection status was unknown for more than 50% of study participants, we show country-level HIV prevalence among tuberculosis cases.
HIV-infection status was unknown for 20 individuals; data are percentage of patients with known HIV status.
Numbers shown for study participants in the case detection group.
Data were missing for three patients at the Mumbai site.
At each site, study participants were enrolled in one of two possible (mutually exclusive) enrolment groups: the case detection group (based on suspicion of tuberculosis) or the multidrug-resistance risk group (based on suspicion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis).
Smear results were missing for two participants.
Calculated as percentage of the total number of culture-positive study participants in the case detection group and the multidrug-resistance risk group with available phenotypic drug-susceptibility test results.