Supplementary Table 4.

Definition of Infections–Infection Can Be Defined According to the Following Peer-reviewed Criteria⁶, ¹⁴

Type of infection	Definition
Spontaneous bacteremia	Positive blood cultures without a source of infection
SBP	Ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear cells >250 cells/mm3
Lower respiratory tract infections	New pulmonary infiltrates in the presence of: at least 1 respiratory symptom (cough, sputum production, dyspnea, pleuritic pain), with at least 1 finding on auscultation (rales or crepitation) or 1 sign of infection (core body temperature >38°C or <36°C, shivering, or leukocyte count >10,000/mm3 or <4000/mm3) in the absence of antibiotics
Clostridium difficile infection	Diarrhea with a positive C difficile assay
Bacterial enterocolitis	Diarrhea or dysentery with a positive stool culture for Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter, or pathogenic Escherichia coli
Soft-tissue/skin infection	Fever with cellulitis
Urinary tract infection	Urine white blood cell count >15/high-power field with either positive urine Gram stain or culture
Intra-abdominal infections	Diverticulitis, appendicitis, cholangitis, and so forth
Other infections	Not covered in 1–8
Fungal infections
Nosocomial infections	Are diagnosed after 48 hours of admission, whereas secondary infections are diagnosed after a separate first infection has been documented

SBP, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.