Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies

Study year	Country	Study interval	Original tumor state	Radical cystectomy timing	Bladder preservation modality	Male/female (BP vs RC)	Study size (BP vs RC)	Age (BP vs RC)	Median follow-up time (BP vs RC)	Types of outcomes
Hautmann 2009	Germany	1986–1908	T1G3	Within 3 mo	BCG	Ratio 4:1	99 vs 175	63.9	58 mo	CSS PFS
Jager 2011	Germany	1989–2006	HGNMIBC	Median 4 mo	Endoscopic treatment/IVT	236 vs 42	43 vs 235	66	79 mo	CSS
Thalmann2004	Switzerland	1980–1999	T1G3	Within 3 mo	BCG	71/21 vs 26/3	92 vs 29	69 vs 66	82.8 mo	OS CSS PFS
De Berardinis 2011	Italy	1995–2001	T1G3	Within 2 mo	BCG	60/20 vs 49/23	80 vs 72	70.4 vs 69.6	99.6 mo	OS CSS PFS
Denzinger 2008	Germany	1990–2005	T1G3	UN	BCG	95/30 vs 71/27	125 vs 98	73 vs 71	56 mo vs 51 mo	OS CSS
Li 2011	China	1995–2007	T1G3	3 mo	BCG	18/14 vs 10/6	32 vs 16	61 vs 58	66 mo vs 72 mo	OS CSS
Patard 2001	France	1979–1996	T1G3	Median 16 mo	BCG	UN	50 vs 14	62.52 vs 62.78	62 mo	CSS
Sun 2008	China	199–2007	T1G3	UN	BCG/MMC/EPI /HCOT	68/13 vs 23/9	81 vs 32	66 vs 64	64 mo vs 62 mo	OS CSS
Badalato 2012	USA	1990–2010	HGT1	Within 3 mo	Observation /IVT	88/25 vs 168/68	236 vs 113	69.5 vs 68.3	46.4 mo vs 51.5 mo	CSS
Spaliviero 2014	USA	2000–2012	HGT1	Within 3 mo	Observation /BCG	Ratio 3:1	21 vs 15	68	38.4 mo	CSS
Wong 2009	UK	1998–2007	HGNMIBC	UN	BCG	UN	41 vs 36	67.23	53 mo	OS

Abbreviations: BP bladder preservation, RP radical cystectomy, T1G3 pathological grade 1 under the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system and histological grade 3 under the 1973 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, HGNMIBC high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, mo month, BCG Bacillus Calmette–Guerin, EPI epirubicin, MMC mitomycin, HCPT hydroxycamptothecine, IVT intravesical therapy, OS overall survival, CSS cancer-specific survival, PFS progression-free survival, UN unknow