Table 4.
Risks of Ever Having Periodontal Disease by Inflammatory Biomarkers versus FamHxMI and Smoking Status.
| RFInteraction |
Group 2: FamHxMI, Nonsmoker | Group 3: No FamHxMI, Smoker | Group 4: FamHxMI, Smoker | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | RFMain Effect | Group 3 | Group 4 | |||
| Bachelor degree | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.20) | 1.09 (0.94 to 1.26) | 1.07 (0.82 to 1.39) | 1.14 (0.93 to 1.39) | 1.87 (1.70 to 2.06) | 2.06 (1.73 to 2.44) |
| Income | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.04) | 0.98 (0.89 to 1.08) | 1.10 (0.65 to 1.81) | 2.06 (1.62 to 2.61) | 2.30 (1.47 to 3.58) |
| BMI | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.01) | 0.98 (0.96 to 1.00) | 1.83 (1.07 to 3.09) | 2.17 (1.63 to 2.91) | 3.75 (2.16 to 6.50) |
| HRT | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.07) | 1.06 (0.82 to 1.38) | 1.31 (1.08 to 1.59) | 1.99 (1.81 to 2.20) | 2.05 (1.72 to 2.44) |
| Incident DM | 1.31 (1.06 to 1.63) | 0.84 (0.63 to 1.12) | 0.55 (0.32 to 0.91) | 1.19 (1.02 to 1.38) | 1.95 (1.81 to 2.10) | 2.19 (1.92 to 2.51) |
| HDLa | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.03) | 0.97 (0.91 to 1.05) | 1.08 (0.95 to 1.23) | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.35) | 1.93 (1.80 to 2.07) | 2.12 (1.86 to 2.41) |
| LDLa | 1.12 (1.06 to 1.18) | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.08) | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.11) | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.36) | 1.93 (1.80 to 2.07) | 2.09 (1.83 to 2.38) |
| CRPa | 1.10 (1.04 to 1.16) | 0.93 (0.87 to 1.00) | 0.83 (0.73 to 0.95) | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.36) | 1.93 (1.80 to 2.07) | 2.12 (1.86 to 2.41) |
| ICAMa | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.12) | 1.08 (1.01 to 1.17) | 1.10 (0.97 to 1.25) | 1.16 (1.00 to 1.35) | 1.87 (1.74 to 2.01) | 2.04 (1.79 to 2.33) |
| Fibrinogena | 1.13 (1.07 to 1.19) | 0.97 (0.91 to 1.04) | 0.88 (0.77 to 1.00) | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.35) | 1.92 (1.79 to 2.06) | 2.11 (1.85 to 2.40) |
Values are presented as odds ratio (95% CI). Bold indicates P < 0.05 (logistic regression). Each row presents an individual logistic regression analytical model: Group 1 women (no FamHxMI/nonsmoker) was the reference group. Ever having had PD ~ individual RF + group 2 (FamHxMI/nonsmoker) + group 3 (no FamHxMI/smoker) + group 4 (FamHxMI/smoker) + interaction of RF group 2 + interaction of RF group 3 + interaction of RF group 4. All results from interaction of RF group 2 were nonsignificant and thus not presented in the table.
BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein (natural logarithm transformed); FamHxMI, family history of myocardial infarction; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HRT, hormone replacement therapy; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule 1; DM, diabetes; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RF, risk factor.
Standardized serum levels (1-SD increase).