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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Psychiatry. 2018 Jul 19;175(10):989–998. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111199

Table 3. Statistical Comparison of the Present PTSD Meta-Analysis With a Previous Meta-Analysis of Major Depressive Disordera.

PTSD Patients Versus Control Subjects Depression Patients Versus Control Subjects PTSD Versus Depression
Region Studies (N) Effect Size  p Studies (N) Effect Size p Effect Size p
CSF          7 –0.17   0.61   7        0.53     0.001      –0.70     0.058
Brain        21 –0.27   <0.001 25      –0.05     0.27      –0.21     0.016
Intracranial volume        13 –0.24     0.012 20      –0.12     0.056      –0.13     0.26
Gray matter        10 –0.34     0.063   7      –0.13     0.19      –0.21     0.30
Anterior Cingulate          9  -0.39     0.010   6      -0.21     0.22       -0.19     0.41
Putamen          3 –0.03       0.83   8      –0.25     0.009        0.22     0.20
Caudate          5  0.08       0.52 12      –0.20     0.017        0.28     0.062
Thalamus          4  0.10       0.40   7      –0.34     0.012        0.43     0.014
Hippocampus        41 –0.47     <0.001 32      –0.48   <0.001        0.01     0.92
Amygdala        21 –0.26       0.04 17      –0.02     0.89      –0.24     0.18
a

For the comparison between PTSD patients and depression patients, boldface indicates significant differences. In the second to last column negative effect sizes indicate that the region is smaller in PTSD patients, and positive effect sizes indicate that the region is smaller in depression patients. Further details regarding the depression meta-analysis can be found in reference 5.