Table 2. Hazard Ratios and Incidence Rates of the Primary Outcomes for Treatment Periods Compared With Nontreatment Periods for the Same Persona.
Medication and Outcome | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | p | Number of Events | Incidence (Per 1,000 Person-Years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acamprosate | |||||
Suicidal behavior | 1.02 | 0.85, 1.22 | 0.826 | 3,940 | 48.5 |
Accidental overdoses | 0.94 | 0.83, 1.06 | 0.290 | 11,010 | 135.5 |
Any arrest | 0.98 | 0.88, 1.10 | 0.750 | 15,486 | 190.5 |
Arrests for violent crime | 0.84 | 0.61, 1.15 | 0.278 | 2,609 | 32.1 |
Naltrexone | |||||
Suicidal behavior | 0.87 | 0.73, 1.03 | 0.094 | 3,425 | 99.8 |
Accidental overdoses | 0.82 | 0.70, 0.96 | 0.011 | 6,724 | 195.9 |
Any arrest | 0.91 | 0.80, 1.05 | 0.202 | 9,182 | 267.5 |
Arrests for violent crime | 0.85 | 0.59, 1.21 | 0.365 | 1,529 | 44.5 |
Buprenorphine | |||||
Suicidal behavior | 0.60 | 0.29, 1.23 | 0.161 | 829 | 45.3 |
Accidental overdoses | 0.75 | 0.60, 0.93 | 0.009 | 2,869 | 156.9 |
Any arrest | 0.77 | 0.72, 0.84 | <0.001 | 25,834 | 1412.8 |
Arrests for violent crime | 0.65 | 0.50, 0.84 | 0.001 | 3,923 | 214.5 |
Methadone | |||||
Suicidal behavior | 0.60 | 0.40, 0.88 | 0.009 | 882 | 27.9 |
Accidental overdoses | 1.25 | 1.13, 1.38 | <0.001 | 4,305 | 135.9 |
Any arrest | 0.87 | 0.83, 0.91 | <0.001 | 24,866 | 785.2 |
Arrests for violent crime | 0.84 | 0.73, 0.96 | 0.013 | 3,787 | 119.6 |
The primary outcomes are suicidal behavior, accidental overdoses, overall arrests, and arrests for violent crime.