Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of total and individual samples
| Total sample (n=43 339) |
Groups with TOGH | ||||
| Any TOGH (n=324) |
Tactile (n=232) |
Olfactory (n=103) |
Gustatory (n=24) |
||
| Age (years), % | |||||
| 18–31 | 24.8 | 29.0 | 28.4 | 35.9 | 20.8 |
| 32–41 | 25.4 | 27.2 | 29.7 | 19.4 | 29.2 |
| 42–50 | 24.7 | 22.5 | 21.1 | 26.2 | 16.7 |
| 51–65 | 25.1 | 21.3 | 20.7 | 18.4 | 33.3 |
| Female gender, % | 53.5 | 46.9 | 41.8 | 54.4 | 62.5 |
| Ethnicity, % | |||||
| Black | 25.0 | 45.1 | 46.1 | 46.6 | 37.5 |
| White | 57.9 | 38.6 | 37.1 | 37.9 | 41.7 |
| Other | 17.1 | 16.0 | 16.4 | 15.5 | 20.8 |
| Diagnosis, % | |||||
| F2 | 24.3 | 54.9 | 56.0 | 55.3 | 50.0 |
| F3 | 67.0 | 24.1 | 26.3 | 17.5 | 20.8 |
| Both | 8.6 | 21.0 | 17.7 | 27.2 | 29.2 |
| Medication use, % | |||||
| Z drugs | 22.6 | 47.8 | 48.3 | 44.7 | 50.0 |
| Other hypnotics | 25.7 | 55.2 | 56.0 | 54.4 | 45.8 |
| Serotonin-related antidepressants | 54.6 | 54.3 | 55.2 | 50.5 | 54.2 |
| Non-serotonin antidepressants | 4.2 | 9.6 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 0 |
| HoNOS | |||||
| Total (median (IQR) | 8.0 (0–40)* | 10 (0–34)† | 10 (0–34)‡ | 9 (0–29)§ | 6 (0–24)¶ |
| Problem with alcohol and drug use % | 15.2** | 18.6†† | 20.6‡‡ | 15.1§§ | 13.6¶¶ |
*n=26 201.
†n=284.
‡n=204.
§n=86.
¶n=21.
**n=27 047.
††n=295.
‡‡n=209.
§§n=93.
¶¶n=22.
HoNOS, Health of the Nations Outcome Scales; TOGH, tactile, olfactory or gustatory hallucinations.