Table 1.
Principal known functions of receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) family and ligands of the TNF family
| Receptor | Ligand | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Widely used name | Formal name | Other names | Widely used name | Formal name | Other names | Main known functions of the receptor |
| TNFR1 | TNFRSF1A | p55, CD120a | TNF | Tumor necrosis factor | Orchestration of inflammation; cell killing | |
| LT | Lymphotoxin α | |||||
| TNFR2 | TNFRSF1A | p75, CD120b | TNF | Tumor necrosis factor | Costimulation of T lymphocytes (information on various other functions is sporadic) | |
| LT | Lymphotoxin | |||||
| Fn14 | TNFRSF12A | TweakR | TWEAK | TNFSF12 | APO3L | Control of tissue regeneration in response to injury; inflammation |
| DR3 | TNFRSF12 | TRAMP, WSL-1, APO-3 | TL1 | TNFSF15 | TL1A, VEGI | Costimulation of T lymphocytes; inflammation |
| FAS | FAS | APO-1, CD95 | Fas ligand | FASL, Fas ligand | CD178 | Cell killing; cell growth; inflammation |
| DcR3 | TNFRSF6B | TR6 | Fas ligand, LIGHT, TL1 | Secreted decoy receptor that blocks the function of the three indicated ligands; seems also capable of triggering signaling through its binding to HSPG | ||
| TRAIL-R1 | TNFRSF10A | Apo2, DR4 | TRAIL | TNFSF10 | Apo-2L, CD253 | Cell killing |
| TRAIL-R2 | TNFRSF10B | DR5 | TRAIL | TNFSF10 | Cell killing | |
| DcR1 | TNFRSF10C | TRAILR3 | TRAIL | TNFSF10 | GPI-linked decoy receptor restraining the function of TRAIL | |
| DcR2 | TNFRSF10D | TRAILR4 | TRAIL | TNFSF10 | Transmembrane truncated decoy receptor restraining the function of TRAIL | |
| LTβR | LTβR (lymphotoxin β receptor) | LTα1β2 (lymphotoxin β [LTβ] in complex with lymphotoxin α), LIGHT | LTβ TNFSF14 | CD258 | Development and function of lymphoid organs; amplification of antiviral response and various other innate and adaptive immune functions | |
| HVEM | TNFRSF14 | ATAR, CD270 | LIGHT | TNFSF14 | Costimulation in T and B lymphocytes and in NK cells; triggering of immunosuppression through BTLA, and immunosuppression, inflammation, and NK activation through CD160 | |
| LT (weak binding) | ||||||
| OX40 | TNFRSF4 | CD134 | OX40 ligand (OX40L) | TNFSF4 | CD252 | Costimulation of T lymphocytes |
| CD27 | TNFRSF7 | CD70 | CD70 | CD27 ligand | Costimulation of T lymphocytes | |
| CD30 | TNFRSF8 | CD30 ligand (CD30L) | TNFSF8 | Costimulation of T lymphocytes | ||
| 4-1BB | TNFRSF9 | CD137 | 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) | TNFSF9 | Costimulation of T lymphocytes | |
| GITR | TNFRSF18 | AITR, CD357 | GITR ligand (GITRL) | TNFSF18 | AITR | Costimulation of T lymphocytes |
| RELT | RELT | ? | Unknown | |||
| CD40 | TNFRSF5 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) | CD40LG | CD154 | Wide range of effects contributing to initiation and progression of adaptive immunity | |
| TACI | TNFRSF13B | CD267 | BAFF APRIL | TNFSF20 TNFSF13 | BLYS, CD257 CD256 | B-lymphocyte growth, survival, and differentiation; costimulation of T lymphocytes |
| BAFFR | TNFRSF13C | CD268 | BAFF | B-lymphocyte survival, growth, and differentiation | ||
| BCMA | TNFRSF17 | CD269 | BAFF APRIL | B-lymphocyte survival, growth, and differentiation | ||
| RANK | TNFRSF11A | RANK ligand (RANKL) | TNFSF11 | RANKL, TRANCE, OPGL, CD254 | Osteoclast differentiation and activation; mammary gland development; development of lymph nodes; various immune functions | |
| OPG | TNFRSF11B | OCIF, TR1 | RANK ligand TRAIL | Secretory decoy receptor that blocks the functions of RANKL and TRAIL; seems also capable of triggering signaling through its binding to HSPG | ||
| EDAR | EDAR (ectodysplasin A receptor) | EDA1R | EDA | EDA (ectodysplasin A) | Embryonic development of ectodermal appendages | |
| XEDAR | EDA2R (ectodysplasin A2 receptor) | EDA-A2 (a shorter splice variant of the EDA gene) | Unknown | |||
| NGFR | Nerve growth factor receptor | p75NTR, CD271 | Neurotrophins; myelin-associated inhibitory factors; fragments of β-amyloid precursor protein; prion peptide | Neuronal growth and death; arrest of axonal degeneration; pain sensation | ||
| TROY | TNFRSF19 | TAJ | Myelin-associated inhibitory factors | Repression of axonal regeneration | ||
| DR6 | TNFRSF21 | CD358 | ? | Probably contributes to amyloid-β-induced axonal pruning | ||
TWEAK, TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis; HSPG, heparan sulfate proteoglycan; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol; HVEM, herpesvirus entry mediator; NK, natural killer; BTLA, B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator; GITR, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein; AITR, activation-inducible TNFR family receptor; RELT, receptor expressed in lymphoid tissue; TACI, transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand interactor; BAFF, B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family; APRIL, a proliferation-inducing ligand; BCMA, B-cell maturation antigen; RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB; OPG, osteoprotegerin; EDA, ectodermal dysplasia.